Symptoms

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• Bilacteral painless visual failure

• Visual fields showcentrocecal scotome

• Impariment of central vision
   

Causes

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• Infections such as toxoplasmosis, Sarcoiidosis

• Occular herps

• Sinositis

• Leber hereditary optic neuropathy

• Nutritional deficiency

• Toxins including alcohol and tobacco

• Radiation

• Trauma