Symptoms

• Sudden painless loss& vision

• History of transient visual loss

• Direct Pupilory reflex absent

• RAPD

• Peri Orbital eyelid edema

• Proptoris

• Ptosis
   

Causes

• Emboli from carotial artery

  • Cholesterol emboli

  • Calcium emboli

  • Platelet fibril emboli

• Atherosclerosis related thrombosis at the level of lamina cribrosa

• Retinal arteritis with obliteration associated with giant cell arteritis) periarteritis associated with polyarteritis nodosa, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma.

• Angiospasmm

• Raised intra ocular pressure

• Thrombophilic disorders

• Retinal migrane, sickling Haemoglobinopathia, hyper coagulation disorders.